1: Pg. 65- The corn plant has colonized how much of the American continent? 120,000 square miles
2: Pg. 66-67- How have America’s food animals undergone a revolution in lifestyle? The population left the country side and entered into the city life, after World War 2. Same way the food found themselves traveling in the opposite direction. Corn is now a dietary supplement for the animals in the farm, not how it was before since they help the animals grow bigger and faster.
3: Pg. 67- What is a CAFO? Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations
4: Pg. 67- What happened to the all of the farmland once the animals left? Where did all of the corn go? They were being used to grow corn. Then the corn went to paddocks, pastures and barnyards
5: Pg. 68- What is the idea of a closed ecological loop? Waste ceases to exist
6: Pg. 68- What are the two main problems with animal feedlots? A fertility problem in animal feedlots and another problem is the pollution on the feedlot.
7. Pg 70- What is the coevolutionary relationship between cows and grass? Explain. Cows maintain the prevention of trees and shrubs by gaining a foothold and hogs the sunlight. It spreads seeds, as well as planting them with hooves then fertilizing them with its manure. The grasses offer the cows food and high quality nutrients.
8. Pg. 71- Why would pastures become “the great American desert” without ruminant animals? Since without cattle the pastures will not be able to grow.
9. Pg. 71- What gets a steer from 80 to 1,000 pounds in just 14 months? Huge amounts of corn, protein and steroids.
10. Pg. 71- Why is weaning the calves the most traumatic time on the ranch? Causes claves to mope and bellow for days.
11. Pg. 73- What is the only reason contemporary animal cities aren’t as plague-ridden or pestilential as their medieval human counterparts? Due to the modern antibiotics.
12. Pg. 73- “So if the modern CAFO is a city built upon commodity corn, it is a city afloat on an invisible sea of petroleum”
13. Pg. 75- Why is corn fed meat less healthy for us? It contains more saturated fat and less omega-3 fatty acids than regular meat.
14. Pg. 75- What practice of feeding cows led to the “Mad Cow Disease”? By feeding cow parts to cows.
15. Pg. 77- How are we choosing which cows we want to select to breed? Based on eating large quantities of corn and effectively converting it into protein without getting ill.
16. Pg. 77- What is the #1 ailment found with cows fed on corn? Why- explain. Bloat is the number one aliment found in cows. Since it produces copious amounts of gas and is expelled by belching during rumination.
17. Pg. 78- What is acidosis and what does it cause in the cow? Acidosis is when the stomach of the animal is to acidic. Causing the animal to get very sick and sometimes even leading them to their death.
18. Pg. 78- What percentage of cows at slaughterhouses are found to have abscessed livers? Between 15 to 30 percent
19. Pg. 78- What is the leading causes of the evolution of antibiotic resistant superbugs? Antibiotics that are being sold here in the United States end up in the animal feed.
20. Pg. 79- What chemicals are found in the “manure lagoon” on CAFO’s? Contains heavy metals, hormone residue, persistent chemicals. As well as nitrogen and phosphorus.
21. Pg. 80- How many pounds of corn does it take to make 4 pounds of beef? What is the ratio for chicken? 32 pounds of corn for 4 pounds of beefs, while it only takes 2 pounds of corn for chicken.
22. Pg. 82- How has the new strain of E. Coli (O157: H7) evolved and what is the problem with it? How can this problem be fixed? E. Coli thrives in the feedlot cattle, and 40 percent of which they carry in their gut. It can produce a toxic that can destroy human kidneys.
23. Pg. 82- How are the costs associated with the CAFO’s externalized? Explain. They are externalized by the cost of the environment. For example the cost of spraying pesticides and the adpotion of water in order to grow the corn crops.
24. Pg. 83- Discuss the path of corn backward from the corn fields and discuss the implications. First starting at the fields of corn, follow the nitrogen into a runoff of a fertilizer down the Gulf of Mexico. Then follow the fertilizer which is essential to grow the corn.
25. Pg. 83- How much of America’s petroleum usage goes to producing and transporting our food? 1/5 of American's petroleum goes to producing and transporting food.
26. Pg. 84- If a cow reaches his full weight- how much “oil” will he have consumed in lifetime? 35 gallons of oil.
27. Pg. 84- “You are what you eat” is a truism hard to argue with, and yet it is, as a visit to a feedlot suggests, incomplete, for you are what what you eat eats, too. And what we are, or have become, is not just meat but number 2 corn and oil.This quote says that we are not only eating meat (cows, chicken, pigs, etc.) but we are also eating what they are eating like corn and "oil".
2: Pg. 66-67- How have America’s food animals undergone a revolution in lifestyle? The population left the country side and entered into the city life, after World War 2. Same way the food found themselves traveling in the opposite direction. Corn is now a dietary supplement for the animals in the farm, not how it was before since they help the animals grow bigger and faster.
3: Pg. 67- What is a CAFO? Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations
4: Pg. 67- What happened to the all of the farmland once the animals left? Where did all of the corn go? They were being used to grow corn. Then the corn went to paddocks, pastures and barnyards
5: Pg. 68- What is the idea of a closed ecological loop? Waste ceases to exist
6: Pg. 68- What are the two main problems with animal feedlots? A fertility problem in animal feedlots and another problem is the pollution on the feedlot.
7. Pg 70- What is the coevolutionary relationship between cows and grass? Explain. Cows maintain the prevention of trees and shrubs by gaining a foothold and hogs the sunlight. It spreads seeds, as well as planting them with hooves then fertilizing them with its manure. The grasses offer the cows food and high quality nutrients.
8. Pg. 71- Why would pastures become “the great American desert” without ruminant animals? Since without cattle the pastures will not be able to grow.
9. Pg. 71- What gets a steer from 80 to 1,000 pounds in just 14 months? Huge amounts of corn, protein and steroids.
10. Pg. 71- Why is weaning the calves the most traumatic time on the ranch? Causes claves to mope and bellow for days.
11. Pg. 73- What is the only reason contemporary animal cities aren’t as plague-ridden or pestilential as their medieval human counterparts? Due to the modern antibiotics.
12. Pg. 73- “So if the modern CAFO is a city built upon commodity corn, it is a city afloat on an invisible sea of petroleum”
13. Pg. 75- Why is corn fed meat less healthy for us? It contains more saturated fat and less omega-3 fatty acids than regular meat.
14. Pg. 75- What practice of feeding cows led to the “Mad Cow Disease”? By feeding cow parts to cows.
15. Pg. 77- How are we choosing which cows we want to select to breed? Based on eating large quantities of corn and effectively converting it into protein without getting ill.
16. Pg. 77- What is the #1 ailment found with cows fed on corn? Why- explain. Bloat is the number one aliment found in cows. Since it produces copious amounts of gas and is expelled by belching during rumination.
17. Pg. 78- What is acidosis and what does it cause in the cow? Acidosis is when the stomach of the animal is to acidic. Causing the animal to get very sick and sometimes even leading them to their death.
18. Pg. 78- What percentage of cows at slaughterhouses are found to have abscessed livers? Between 15 to 30 percent
19. Pg. 78- What is the leading causes of the evolution of antibiotic resistant superbugs? Antibiotics that are being sold here in the United States end up in the animal feed.
20. Pg. 79- What chemicals are found in the “manure lagoon” on CAFO’s? Contains heavy metals, hormone residue, persistent chemicals. As well as nitrogen and phosphorus.
21. Pg. 80- How many pounds of corn does it take to make 4 pounds of beef? What is the ratio for chicken? 32 pounds of corn for 4 pounds of beefs, while it only takes 2 pounds of corn for chicken.
22. Pg. 82- How has the new strain of E. Coli (O157: H7) evolved and what is the problem with it? How can this problem be fixed? E. Coli thrives in the feedlot cattle, and 40 percent of which they carry in their gut. It can produce a toxic that can destroy human kidneys.
23. Pg. 82- How are the costs associated with the CAFO’s externalized? Explain. They are externalized by the cost of the environment. For example the cost of spraying pesticides and the adpotion of water in order to grow the corn crops.
24. Pg. 83- Discuss the path of corn backward from the corn fields and discuss the implications. First starting at the fields of corn, follow the nitrogen into a runoff of a fertilizer down the Gulf of Mexico. Then follow the fertilizer which is essential to grow the corn.
25. Pg. 83- How much of America’s petroleum usage goes to producing and transporting our food? 1/5 of American's petroleum goes to producing and transporting food.
26. Pg. 84- If a cow reaches his full weight- how much “oil” will he have consumed in lifetime? 35 gallons of oil.
27. Pg. 84- “You are what you eat” is a truism hard to argue with, and yet it is, as a visit to a feedlot suggests, incomplete, for you are what what you eat eats, too. And what we are, or have become, is not just meat but number 2 corn and oil.This quote says that we are not only eating meat (cows, chicken, pigs, etc.) but we are also eating what they are eating like corn and "oil".